Magnolia candollei

(Hidayat& Abdurrahman, 2017)

Kigdom           :Plantae

Phylum            :Tracheophyta

Classis             : Magnoliopsida

Ordo                : Magnoliales

Familia            : Magnoliaceae

Genus              : Magnolia

Species            : Magnolia candollei

Local Name
Cempaka

Description

Magnolia is a large genus with about 210 species of flowering plants that are part of the Magnolioidae sub-family of the Magnoliaceae family. Currently, the Magnolia genus is found as an ornamental plant in several European countries, North America, Australia and New Zealand.

(Hidayat & Abdurrahman, 2017)

(Hidayat & Abdurrahman, 2017)

One type of Magnolia that we can find in the Javanese rain forests up to 1800m above sea level is Magnolia candollei.  This plant in Indonesia is known by various regional names such as Cempaka Gonda (Java), Kembang Tunjung (Sunda) and the Tekwok (Sumatra). Similar to other Magnolia species, this type of M. candollei has the potential to become an ornamental plant because it has very beautiful and attractive flowers. The hallmark of this plant is shrubs or trees with a height of 2-5m. The leaves have a length of 18-45cm with a width of 5-17cm. The number of petals is 3, while the number of crowns is 6, rarely with crowns of 9, the crown of flesh is 4-8cm long. Stamens and carpels are numerous, clustered, separating from the buffer in a cavity where two orange seeds are attached to each carpel after the pericarp is released. After the seeds with the sarcotesta open, the seeds hang on thin threads that are often mistaken for funiculus. This thread is actually a thickened and twisted wall that is torn from the vessels from where the seeds attach (placentation), which is caused by movement due to wind and weight of the seeds. Cibodas Botanical Garden which is one of the ex situ conservation institutions in Indonesia has a collection of these plants.

Benefit
Ornamental and medicinal plant

Distribution
North America, Central America, West India, Southeast Asia and East Asia (North India, Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Thailand and Malesia)

Location at UPI
Botanical Garden Zone 3